Basic Digital Techniques & Applications - PART 1

01:11:00 Nandan Bhalwankar 0 Comments

We regularly use many electronic gadgets like computers and mobiles in our day to day life, but have we ever thought of the basic logic behind these systems? This article gives the detailed answer to the question just asked. Yes, correct, it’s the digital techniques! 

1. Introduction:

May it beany type of work; we make use of, rather need IT resources.So, let us have a look at the basic concept behind all these digital techniques. The name digital indicates that the working principle consists of digit or number of digits. It is a method of representing a number by discrete units. The digit means a single symbol of a number system, whereas a ‘Bit’ means binary digit.

1.1 Number Systems:

We use number systems to count various items. Just after hearing the word ‘number’, we must have thought of the basic numbering system, The Decimal System i.e. numbers 0,1,2,3,…… up to 9. Modern gadgets like computers,for communication and operation, need only 2 of the decimal numbers. Those are 0 and 1. This number system is known as the Binary Number System or base ‘2’ system, where in each number (0 and 1) is known as a ‘bit’. For more information, 4 bits = 1 nibble and 8 bits = 1 byte.

Every decimal number can be converted to binary and vice-versa.

0 – 0000

1 – 0001

2 – 0010

3 – 0011

4 –0100

5 – 0101

6 – 0110

7 – 0111

8 – 1000

9 – 1001

The binary number has a representation as shown in below diagram:

Now we will represent some of above decimal numbers as binary:

Decimal 1:

Representation:

Number = … + 0 x 2³+ 0 x 2²+ 0 x 2¹ + 1 x 2⁰ = ….+ 0 + 0 + 0 + 1 x 1 = 1 (Decimal 1)

Here,  2³, 2², 2¹, 2⁰ are the multipliers, where the superscript mentions position and base is 2 since its binary representation. Each multiplier is multiplied with the binary digits at that position. Multiplication of each place is added finally to get the decimal number.

Decimal 2:

Number = … + 0 x 2³+ 0 x 2² + 1 x 2¹ + 0 x 2⁰ = ….+ 0 + 0 + 2 + 0 = 2 (Decimal 2)

Decimal 3:

Number = … + 0 x 2³+ 0 x 2² + 1 x 2¹ + 1 x 2⁰ = ….+ 0 + 0 + 2 + 1 = 3 (Decimal 3)

And so on......

(to be continued.... PART 2)